Kune masisitimu matatu ekutenderera kwemhepo mumayunitsi ekutonhodza eindasitiri, uye matambudziko ekuyera anowanzoitika mumasisitimu akasiyana ekutenderera kwemhepo, akadai semasisitimu ekutenderera kwemhepo mufiriji, masisitimu ekutenderera kwemvura, uye masisitimu ekutenderera kwemagetsi. Masisitimu akasiyana ekutenderera kwemhepo anoda kushandira pamwe kwechinyararire kuti azadzise chinangwa chebasa rakagadzikana.
Saka, zvakakosha kuchengetedza sisitimu yega yega iri mukati menguva yakatarwa yekushanda. Kunyangwe mashandiro emidziyo yakasiyana-siyana inogadzirwa mumaindasitiri emuno akagadzikana, kana kugadzirisa nekugadziridza kwakakodzera kukasaitwa kwenguva yakareba, zvinozokonzera matambudziko akawanda. Hazvingogumiri pakuvharika kwemidziyo chete, asiwo zvinokanganisa kufamba kwemvura kwemidziyo.
Zvinokanganisa zvakanyanya mashandiro emafiriji emaindasitiri, uye zvinotopfupisa hupenyu hwemafiriji emaindasitiri. Saka, chiyero chekuchenesa nenguva chakakosha zvikuru kumafiriji emaindasitiri.
1. Sei firiji ine chikero?
Zvinhu zvikuru zvinoumba scaling musystem yemvura inotonhodza icalcium salts nemagnesium salts, uye kunyunguduka kwayo kunoderera nekuwedzera kwekupisa; kana mvura inotonhodza yabata pamusoro pe heat exchanger, scaling inodonhera pamusoro pe heat exchanger.
Pane mamiriro mana ekusvibiswa kwefiriji:
(1) Kugadzira munyu wakakora musanganiswa une zvinhu zvakawanda.
(2) Kuiswa kwema colloids emuchadenga nema mineral colloids.
(3) Kubatana kwezvikamu zvakasimba zvezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvine mwero wakasiyana wekupararira.
(4) Kuora kwemakemikari emagetsi kwezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana uye kugadzirwa kwehutachiona, nezvimwewo. Kudonha kwemusanganiswa uyu ndicho chinhu chikuru chinoita kuti pave nekukwira kwemvura, uye mamiriro ekugadzira mvura yakasimba ndeaya: kunyungudika kwemunyu mumwe kunoderera nekuwedzera kwekupisa. Zvakadai seCa(HCO3)2, CaCO3, Ca(OH)2, CaSO4, MgCO3, Mg(OH)2, nezvimwewo. Chechipiri, mvura painopwa, huwandu hwemunyu wakanyungudika mumvura hunowedzera, zvichisvika padanho repamusoro. Kuitika kwemakemikari kunoitika mumvura inopisa, kana kuti mamwe maion anoumba mamwe maion emunyu asinganyungudike.
Kune mimwe munyu inosangana nemamiriro ezvinhu ari pamusoro apa, mabuds ekutanga anotanga aiswa pamusoro pesimbi, uye zvishoma nezvishoma anova zvidimbu. Ane chimiro chekristaro chisina chimiro kana kuti chakavanzika uye anoungana kuti agadzire makristaro kana mapoka. Munyu weBicarbonate ndiwo chinhu chikuru chinokonzera kukura mumvura inotonhorera. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuti calcium carbonate yakawanda inorasikirwa nechiyero panguva yekupisa uye inoora kuita calcium carbonate, carbon dioxide nemvura. Kune rumwe rutivi, calcium carbonate hainyungudike zvakanyanya uye nokudaro inosara pamusoro pemidziyo inotonhorera. Pari zvino:
Ca(HCO3)2=CaCO3↓+H2O+CO2↑.
Kuumbwa kwechiyero pamusoro pemuchina unochinja kupisa kuchaparadza michina uye kuchapfupisa hupenyu hwemuchina; chechipiri, kuchatadzisa kutamiswa kwekupisa kwemuchina unochinja kupisa uye kuderedza kushanda zvakanaka.
2. Kubvisa chikero mufiriji
1. Kupatsanura nzira dzekubvisa scaling
Nzira dzekubvisa makomba pamusoro pezvinhu zvinochinja-chinja kupisa dzinosanganisira kubvisa makomba nemaoko, kubvisa makomba nemaoko, kubvisa makona nemakemikari uye kubvisa makona nemuviri.
Munzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzekubvisa masero. Nzira dzekubvisa masero mumuviri uye dzekudzivirira kukura dzakanakira, asi nekuda kwekushanda kwezvishandiso zvemagetsi zvekubvisa masero, kunewo mamiriro ezvinhu apo mhedzisiro yacho isingakodzeri, senge:
(1). Kuomarara kwemvura kunosiyana zvichienderana nenzvimbo.
(2). Kuomarara kwemvura kweyuniti kunochinja panguva yekushanda, uye chishandiso chemagetsi chekubvisa mascaling chinogona kugadzira hurongwa hwakakodzera hwekubvisa mascaling zvichienderana nemasampuli emvura anotumirwa nemugadziri, kuitira kuti kubvisa mascaling kusazonetseka nezvimwe zvinopesvedzera;
(3). Kana mushandi akasateerera basa rekuburitsa mvura, pamusoro pemuchina wekupisa ucharamba uchiwedzerwa.
Nzira yekubvisa makemikari inogona kungofungwa chete kana simba rekushandisa kupisa kweyuniti risina kunaka uye chiyero chacho chakakomba, asi chichakanganisa michina, saka zvakakosha kudzivirira kukuvara kwelayer yegalvanized uye kukanganisa hupenyu hwekushanda kwemidziyo.
2. Nzira yekubvisa tsvina
Tsvina inonyanya kuumbwa nemapoka etupukanana twakadai semabhakitiriya nealgae zvinonyunguduka uye zvinoberekana mumvura, zvakasanganiswa nevhu, jecha, guruva, nezvimwewo kuti zvigadzire tsvina yakapfava. Zvinokonzera ngura mumapaipi, zvinoderedza kushanda zvakanaka uye zvinowedzera kuramba kuyerera kwemvura, zvichideredza kuyerera kwemvura. Kune nzira dzakawanda dzekugadzirisa nadzo. Unogona kuwedzera coagulant kuti chinhu chakasungirirwa mumvura inotenderera chiungane kuita maruva ealum akareruka uye chigare pasi pemvura, iyo inogona kubviswa nekubuda kwetsvina; unogona kuwedzera dispersant kuti zvidimbu zvakasungirirwa zvipararire mumvura pasina kunyura; Kuumbwa kwetsvina kunogona kudziviswa nekuwedzera kupfapfaidza padivi kana nekuwedzera mimwe mishonga yekudzivirira kana kuuraya tupukanana.
3. Nzira yekubvisa ngura
Kuora kunonyanya kukonzerwa nekuti zvinhu zvinotsvedza nengura zvinonamira pamusoro pechubhu inotapurira kupisa kuti zvigadzire bhatiri reokisijeni uye ngura inoitika. Nekuda kwekufambira mberi kwengura, kukuvara kwechubhu inotapurira kupisa kuchakonzera kutadza kukuru kwechubhu, uye simba rekutonhodza richadzikira. Chigadziko chinogona kuraswa, zvichiita kuti vashandisi vatambure zvakanyanya. Kutaura zvazviri, mukushanda kwechubhu, chero bedzi hunhu hwemvura hwadzorwa zvinobudirira, manejimendi yehunhu hwemvura inosimbiswa, uye kuumbwa kwetsvina kuchidzivirirwa, kukanganisa kwengura pahurongwa hwemvura hwechubhu kunogona kudzorwa zvakanaka.
Kana kuwedzera kwehukuru kuchiita kuti zvisakwanise kushandiswa nenzira dzakajairika kugadzirisa dambudziko iri, michina yekubvisa masero inogona kuiswa kuti idzivirire kukura uye kubvisa masero, zvakaita semidziyo yemagetsi yekubvisa masero, michina yemagnetic vibration ultrasonic descaling, nezvimwewo.
Mushure mekunge chikero, guruva nealgae zvabatanidzwa, mashandiro ekutamisa kupisa kwechubhu yekutamisa kupisa anoderera zvakanyanya, izvo zvinoderedza mashandiro ese eyuniti.
Kuti mvura yemufiriji isakure kana kutonhora mu evaporator panguva yekushanda, kune mhando mbiri dzemasystem emvura yemufiriji: kutenderera kwakavhurika uye kutenderera kwakavharika. Isu tinowanzo shandisa kutenderera kwakavharika. Nekuti idunhu rakavharika, kuyerera kwemvura uye kuwanda hazvizoitiki. Panguva imwe chete, mhepo ine sediment, guruva, nezvimwewo mumvura hazvizosanganiswi mumvura, uye kuyera kwemvura yemufiriji kushoma, kunyanya tichifunga nezvekutonhora kwemvura yemufiriji. Mvura iri mu evaporator inotonhora nekuti kupisa kunotorwa ne refrigerant painobuda mu evaporator kwakakura kupfuura kupisa kunogona kupihwa nemvura yemufiriji inoyerera nemu evaporator, zvekuti tembiricha yemvura yemufiriji inodonha pasi penzvimbo yekutonhora uye mvura inotonhora. Vashandi vanofanirwa kutarisisa zvinhu zvinotevera panguva yekushanda:
1. Kuti mwero wekuyerera unopinda mu evaporator unoenderana here nemwero wekuyerera kweinjini huru, kunyanya kana mayuniti akawanda ekutonhodza achishandiswa panguva imwe chete, kana huwandu hwemvura hunopinda muyuniti yega yega husina kuenzana, kana kuti huwandu hwemvura hweyuniti nepombi zviri kushanda mumwe nemumwe. Chiitiko chemuchina we shunt. Parizvino, vagadziri vebromine chillers vanoshandisa zvikuru maswitch ekuyerera kwemvura kuti vaone kana paine mvura inopinda. Sarudzo yemaswitch ekuyerera kwemvura inofanira kuenderana nemwero wekuyerera wakarongwa. Mayuniti ane mamiriro ezvinhu anogona kugadzirirwa mavharuvhu anotenderera ekuyerera.
2. Chinobatisa chinwiwa chebromine chine mudziyo wekudzivirira kupisa kwemvura inotonhorera. Kana tembiricha yemvura inotonhorera yakaderera pane +4°C, chinobatisa chinomira kushanda. Kana mushandi achimhanya kekutanga muzhizha gore rega rega, anofanira kutarisa kana dziviriro yekupisa kwemvura inotonhorera iri kushanda uye kana kukosha kwekuisa tembiricha kwakarurama.
3. Pakushanda kwebromine chiller air-conditioning system, kana pombi yemvura ikangoerekana yamira kushanda, injini huru inofanira kumira ipapo ipapo. Kana tembiricha yemvura mu evaporator ikaramba ichiderera nekukurumidza, matanho anofanira kutorwa, akadai sekuvhara vharuvhu remvura rinotonhorera re evaporator, kuvhura vharuvhu remvura rinotonhodza re evaporator zvakanaka, kuitira kuti mvura iri mu evaporator ikwanise kuyerera uye kudzivirira mvura kuti isaome.
4. Kana chiller unit yebromine yamira kushanda, inofanira kuitwa zvichienderana nemaitiro ekushanda. Kutanga misa injini huru, mirira kwemaminitsi anopfuura gumi, wobva wamisa pombi yemvura inotonhorera.
5. Chinovhara mvura mufiriji uye dziviriro yemvura inotonhorera pakupisa kwakaderera hazvigone kubviswa kana uchida.
Nguva yekutumira: Kurume-09-2023
