Macompressor ekutonhodza ane sikuruu (screw refrigeration compressors) anogadzirwa ne volumetric compressors. Sezvo anga achishandiswa kubvira muna 1934, nekuda kwekushanda kwawo kwakanaka, kusabvaruka, uye kugona kwawo kutonhora zvakanyanya, anga achitonga masisitimu ekutonhodza madiki kusvika makuru uye ari pakati nepakati. Saka ndeapi marudzi ekutadza kushanda zvakanaka anowanzo itika mumacompressor e screw refrigeration e fluorine panguva yekushandiswa, ngatinyatsoongororai pazasi!
1. Chiyero chekudzvanywa chisina kujairika
2. Kushanda zvishoma uye kutadza kushanda kwekondensa
3. Kushanda zvishoma uye kutadza kwe evaporator
4. Kukundikana kwehurongwa hwemaseti emafuta
5. Kukundikana kwemagetsi
1. Chiyero chekudzvanywa chisina kujairika
Chiyero chekudzvanya chinozivikanwa nemunhu wese anoziva nezvekushanda kwecompressor. Asi chii chinobatsira pakushandisa compressor? Chingori chishandiso chekombiyuta chakagadzirwa, kutaura chokwadi, hachisi.
Musiyano uripo pakati pemuchina we screw ne piston ndewekuti muchina we piston unongodzvanya zvishoma chete, nepo muchina we screw uchidzvanya zvakanyanya.
Kana ichikanganiswa nemagadzirirwo, muchina we screw une data rakakosha, kureva kuti, internal volume ratio, chidimbu cheChirungu Vi, che ma compressor mazhinji e screw, Vi haina kuchinja. Kubva pakuona kwekuchengetedza nekushanda, kukosha kwe internal volume ratio kwakafanana zvikuru nekukosha kwe external compression ratio (absolute pressure ratio ye condensing pressure ne evaporating pressure), uye kushanda kwe compressor iyi kwakanyanya.
Saka chii chinoitika kana chiyero chekumanikidzwa chiri chikuru kana chidiki?
Kana yakakura zvakanyanya, kana musiyano wekumanikidzwa wakanyanya kukura, zvinoratidza kuti sisitimu yacho yakasiyana zvachose nehukuru hwedhizaini. Chinhu chikuru ndechekuti tembiricha yekuburitsa uye tembiricha yekumanikidzwa yakakwira zvakanyanya, kumanikidzwa kwekusveta kwakaderera, uye tembiricha yakakwira.
Kana kumanikidzwa kwemhepo inobuda nekupisa kwakanyanya, mhedzisiro yakaipa ndeyekuti mafuta ekuzora ari musystem ari nyore kucoke, haana kukodzera kugadzira firimu remafuta, uye rotor haigone kuzorwa zvizere.
Kumanikidzwa kwakaderera kwekusveta, kupisa kwakanyanya kwekusveta kunonyanya kukanganisa kutonhora kwemota, uye kupisa kwakanyanya kwekusveta. Migumisiro yacho yakafanana nekupisa kwakanyanya kwekusveta uye kumanikidzwa.
Kana iri diki zvakanyanya, inonyanya kukanganisa kunyorova kwemvura (mota yakanyorova, chando chakapidiguka). Mune zvimwe zvinhu, compressor yescrew haipindi kunyorova kwemvura, kusanganisira mamwe emagadzirirwo edu, uye vatengesi vanofarira kuikurudzira seizvi. Kutaura zvazviri, michina yescrew inonyanya kutya kunyorova kwemvura. Kana huwandu hwakawanda hwemvura hukadzokera kucompressor, hunokonzera kusanganiswa kwemafuta ekuzora, uye mhedzisiro yacho yakafanana nekupisa kwakanyanya kweutsi.
Ehe, chiyero chekudzvanywa kwechinhu chakanyanya kudiki, uye chinokonzerwawo nekusakara kwakanyanya kwerotor uye kutadza kwekutakura nekuburitsa zvinhu.
2. Kushanda zvakanaka kwekondensa kwakaderera
Kushanda zvishoma kwe condenser kunonyanya kukanganisa tembiricha yemvura inobuda uye kana ichigona kugadzira mvura. Tinoziva kuti vharuvhu yekutambanudza inopihwa mvura yakazara. Nenzira iyi, kushanda zvakanaka kwesystem kwakakwira uye kugona kutonhora ndiko kwakanyanya. Uyezve, mayuniti makuru ane nzvimbo yekuchengetera yakasungirirwa, iyo inonyanya kushandiswa pakutonhodza mafuta. Saka, zvakakosha kuchengetedza kushanda zvakanaka kwe condenser. Kukundikana kunonyanya kukonzerwa nekusarudza nzira yekutonhodza zvisirizvo, nzvimbo isina kukwana yekubuda kwemvura, nzvimbo yekutonhodza isina kukwana, uye kuchinjana kwekupisa kusina kukwana. Nokudaro, zvinhu zvakakosha zvakaita semafeni, mapombi emvura, uye mafin zvinonyanya kuongororwa panguva yekuongorora.
Tichitaura nezveizvi, condensation effect yakanaka kwazvo. Semuenzaniso, kana tembiricha yemhepo yakaderera zvakanyanya, condensation effect yakanaka kwazvo, zvichikonzera kushanda zvakanaka kwemvura inopinda mu evaporator. Panguva ino, suction superheat yakaderera zvikuru uye expansion valve sensitivity yakaderera, izvo zvinozokonzera Start hydraulic shock. Kana musiyano uripo pakati pe exhaust pressure ne suction pressure hauna kukwana, izvo zvinouraya muchina we screws une differential pressure oil supply.
3. Kushanda zvakanaka kweEvaporator kwakaderera kana kuti kwakakwira
Kusashanda zvakanaka kwemuchina we evaporator kunonyanya kukanganisa kutonhora kwechinhu chinofanira kutonhodzwa, ukuwo kunyorova kunokanganisa compressor. Uye kushanda zvakanaka kuchaita kuti kusveta kupisa kwakanyanya, izvo zvinokanganisa tembiricha yekuburitsa compressor.
Kutongwa kwekurohwa nechando
Kurova kwakanyorova, kana tembiricha yakaderera, mutongo wacho uri nyore, unonyanya kutongwa nemutsara wechando wekukweva wecompressor, asi zvakadini nemamiriro emhepo inotonhodza? Nedova? Kunyanya kune vanotonhodza, kana paine dambudziko mukutonga, rinokonzera matambudziko akadai sekutyoka uye kupinda kwemvura. Saka, rinogona kutongwa zvichienderana nedhiragiramu yepressure-enthalpy, kana kukosha kwetembiricha yekubuda kunze kwetembiricha mushure mekunyorova. Kana kukosha kwacho kuri pasi pe30K, kunogona kutongwa sekurova kwakanyorova.
Regai nditaure chimwe chinhu pano, vharuvhu yekuwedzeredza, handina runyorwa rwakasiyana (ona bhuku rangu rekuchengetedza vharuvhu yekuwedzeredza). Vharuvhu yekuwedzeredza haisi vharuvhu inotonga zvinhu zvese, uye haasi ese mamiriro ekushanda anosangana nezvinodiwa zvekugadzirisa vharuvhu yekuwedzeredza. Kunyanya ngoro hombe dzinodhonzwa nemabhiza.
4. Dambudziko redunhu remafuta
Pakutenderera kwemafuta, zvinonyanya kuratidzwa nehunhu hwemafuta, kuchena, tembiricha yekudzosa mafuta, nezvimwewo. Basa guru remafuta ekuzora mufiriji ye screw compressor nderekuzora, kutonhodza uye kuvhara.
Pamusoro pezvo, ine basa rekuderedza ruzha uye kubvisa shock absorption, asi pane gakava rakawanda muindasitiri, kunyanya nekuti oiri ichagadzira mabubble emhepo muchikamu chemota, uye mabubble emhepo achabvisa ruzha, asi vamwe vagadziri vanofunga kuti hazvina basa, uye gasi-mvura inonetsa Kudzora, saka pachinzvimbo wedzera chinhu chinodzvinyirira furo.
Kunyudzwa kweshock kunonyanya kushandiswa pakunyorovesa mabheyaringi anotenderera, uye izvi hazvionekwe, saka mabasa maviri ari pamusoro apa haagone kutorwa semabasa makuru.
Kupisa kwemafuta kunokanganisa zvakanyanya hupenyu hwekushanda kwe screw compressor. Kazhinji, tembiricha inokurudzirwa yekushanda iri pakati pe40 ne60°C, uye vamwe vagadziri vanoisawo 70°C kana 80°C. Tembiricha yakakwira yemafuta inokonzera kukora kwemafuta uye kukanganisa kuumbwa kwefirimu yemafuta. Tembiricha yemafuta inokanganisawo tembiricha ye exhaust, izvo zvinokanganisawo compression ratio. Saka, ndapota teererai kugadzirisa pakusarudza tembiricha yemafuta.
kuchena kwemafuta
Kuchena kwemafuta ndiko kuchena kwesystem. Kuchengetedza kuchena ndicho chinhu chikuru che screw compressor. Screw compressor haina kuenzana ne piston compressor. Nekuda kwezvikonzero zvemaumbirwo, kuchena kwesystem kwakakwira kupfuura kwe piston compressor. Nekuda kwekumhanya kwakanyanya kwe meshing rotor, zvimwe zvinhu zvekunze zvinokurumidza kusvetwa mu compressor, zvichikonzera kukuvara kwe meshing rotor, kunyanya zvimwe zvidimbu zvidiki zvesimbi kana zvinhu zvekunze, izvo zvinopwanya nepakati pe interception ye suction filter (kusanganisira zvimwe zvinhu zvekunze zvakakura, Kukuvadzwa kwe filter screen nekuda kwekusveta hakusi kushaikwa), kana kunyange dambudziko re assembly yemuchina pachawo, zvichiita kuti zvikamu zvidonhe uye zvinamire pakati pe rotors. Zvinofanira kukonzera kukuvara zvakananga kumota. Kunyangwe zvidimbu zvidiki zvesimbi zvisingaite zvakananga, zvinokanganisa oil film ye rotor, zvichikonzera kusakora zvakanaka kwe rotor bearing, cylinder sticking, uye bearing box. Chinhu chakaipisisa ndechekuti zvidimbu zvidiki zvinoumba short-circuit chain uye zvinokonzera kukuvara zvakananga kumota.
Macompressor emafuta anonyorovesa anowanzo nhuwidza hwema hwekutsva kwemafuta anonyorovesa paanobatidzwa kuti aongororwe. Tembiricha yacho inokwira zvakanyanya kana pamusoro pesimbi papera zvakanyanya, uye mafuta anonyorovesa anotanga kukora kana ari pamusoro pe175oC. Kana paine mvura yakawanda musystem (vacuum pumping haina kunaka, mafuta anonyorovesa nerefrigerant zvine huwandu hwakawanda hwemvura, mhepo inopinda mushure mekunge pombi yemhepo inodzoserwa nepressure yatyoka, nezvimwewo), mafuta anonyorovesa anogona kuva neacidic. Mafuta anonyorovesa anokanganisa machubhu emhangura newinding insulation. Kune rumwe rutivi, anokonzera copper plating; kune rumwe rutivi, acidic lubricating oil ine maatomu emhangura haina simba rekudzivirira, izvo zvinopa mamiriro ekutenderedza short circuit.
Kune mayuniti ecompressor ane screws, mhando dzakawanda dzezvikanganiso zvinokonzerwa nezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana. Semuenzaniso, kutadza kwemafuta kunokonzerwa nekushaikwa kwemafuta kunoita kuti bearing ibatwe, rotor ibatwe, uye mota yecompressor yavharwa, compressor inosangana nekukwira kusingawanzoitiki, uye mota inotsva. Uye sei kushaikwa kwemafuta kana kutadza kwemafuta? Kutaura zvazviri, zvinonyanya kukonzerwa nekupisa kwakanyanya kweutsi, kuvhunduka kwemvura nezvimwe zvikonzero. Saka, kune vashandi vekugadzirisa, izvi zvese zvinhu zvinoda kunyatsoongororwa uye kufunga zvakasimba zvisati zvagadziriswa uye kugadziriswa.
1. Oiri inofashaira panguva yekutanga kana kushanda
Kukanganisa uku kunokonzerwa nemvura inopinda mucompressor, kana kuti muine refrigerant yakawandisa mumafuta ekuzora. Ndapota gadzirisai nzira yekudzora kuti muone kana refrigerant yakawandisa.
2. Oiri haina kukwana kana kuti yakakwira zvakanyanya
Kana isina kukwana, inofanira kutariswa kana iri dambudziko remafuta, huwandu hwemafuta hwacho hahuna kukwana, uye zvakaoma kudzorera mafuta kuevaporator. Paunenge uchichengetedza, cherechedza kana pasina mwero wemvura mudura remvura. Zvinofanira kutariswa kuti nzira yekudzora mafuta haina kunaka kana kuti inokonzerwa nekuiswa zvisina musoro.
Kana yakakwira zvakanyanya, zvinofanirwa kufungwa kuti firita yemafuta yakavharwa uye refrigerant inosanganiswa mumafuta.
3. Tembiricha yekubuda kwemhepo yakakwira zvakanyanya
Pane zvinhu zvakawanda zvinokonzera kupisa kwakanyanya kweutsi, kunyanya nekuda kwe refrigerant yakawandisa kana shoma, kusvuta kwakanyanya kupisa, uye mamiriro ekushanda asina kugadzikana.
4. Kudzvanywa kwakaderera kana kuchichinja-chinja
Zviratidzo zvikuru zvekusvuta kushoma kushaya refrigerant, kusawirirana kwenzira yekudzora mvura, kupisa kwakanyanya kwekudzika kwemvura, kuvhunduka kwemvura, nezvimwewo.
Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-05-2022
